Transformer distributing system



Dec. 1940- H. E. SOMES 2,223,902

TRANSFORMER DISTRIBUTING SYSTEM Original Filed Aug. 20, 1 936 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 4 INVENTOR.

A TTORNEY.

Dec. 3, 1940. H, E, 505455 2,223,902

TRANSFORMER DISTRIBUTING SYSTEM Original Filed Aug. 20, 1936 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 illllml l f/// MW lllilll inn?) n1 I INVENTOR. HQWARDLSOMBS ATTORNEY.

3, 9 H. E. SOMES 2.223,902

TRANSFORMER DISTRIBUTING SYSTEM Original Filed Aug. 20, 1936 l 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 INZLQAW i3 W ATTORNEY.

3, 1940. H. E. soMEs 2,223,902

TRANSFORMER DISTRIBUTING SYSTEM Original Filed Aug. 20, 1936 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 1 N VEN TOR. HOWARDE. SOMES.

A TTORNE Y.

Dec. 3, 1940. H. E. soMEs 22 TRANSFORMER DI STRIBU'RING SYSTEM Original Filed Aug. 20, 1936 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 i 1 4 i I 2% m9 i] E l i t J m Wm m!l 1 A INVENTOR.

HOWARD 59. Son s.

A TTORNEY.

Patented Dec. 3, 1 940 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Application August 20, 1936, Serial No. 96,929 Renewed January 7, 1939 19 Claims.

The present invention relates in general to alternating current transformers and more particularly to a transformer arrangement of the sliding core type.

An important object of the invention is the provision of a sliding core transformer capable of use as a combined switch, especially adapted to the distribution and control of heavy, high frequency currents such as in electrical heating, especially inductive heating. In this connection, certain improvements are effected which make possible the application of electro-magnetic switching to power circuits F in such manner that the act of switching will not produce substantial disturbances in the electrical supply circuit. Transient phenomena are minimized. 4

Another object of the invention is to make possible the use of extremely short leads between the transformer secondary winding and a movable work circuit by moving the secondary circuit with the work circuit and without having to move the primary circuit or other parts of the transformer.

Another object is to combine the feature of electro-magnetic switching with the feature of having the secondary winding in fixed relation with the work circuit for movement therewith, in such cooperative relation that the movement of the work circuit into and out of working position will effect the proper movement of the transformer secondary into and out of operative relaton with the transformer primary.

An ancillary object is the provision of a transformer structure having highly efiicient magnetic field elements, and one in which the windings may be readily changed without disturbing the assembly of the individual magnetic field elements. This feature makes for further advantage and economy in that either the inner or outer winding may readily be replaced, one without disturbing the other, thus obviating the necessity for the use of taps for varying the effective winding, and eliminating losses due to idle coils,

' or high reluctance gaps in the magnetic circuit caused by tap leads entering the winding space.

While the invention finds particular usefulness in the supply of low voltage, heavy current to inductive heating, where the heating element must be moved in relation to the work or to and from the work with minimum length of leads between the transformer secondary and the heating element, and its structural features are particularly adaptable to a. transformer of a sliding core type, the various novel structural features power transformer and involved are applicable to the construction of transformers in which the primary and secondary elements are fixed in relation to each other with marked improvements in compactness, lightness, and efliciency.

.Various other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent upon perusal of the following specification and the drawings accompanying the same.

In the drawings:

Fig. l is an axial cross sectional view of my improved transformer used in connection with a heat treating device, the transformer being shown in idle position.

Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the transformer in operating position.

Fig. 3 is a top plan view of a transformer shown in Figs. 1 and 2. i

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on the line 44 of Fig. 1 and on an enlarged scale.

Fig. 5 is a schematic mechanical and circuit diagram showing the apparatus of Figs. 1 and 2 in idle position.-

Fig. 6 is a diagram similar to Fig. 5 showing the apparatus in working position.

Fig. 7 is a side view partly in section of a modifled form in which the extension core is separable from the main core of the primary ele ment.

Fig. 8 is a similar View showing the separate extension core arrangement applied to the ta-= pered extension core type as used in Figs. 1 and 2'.

Fig. 9 is a similar view of a modified form ca pable of use with mechanical switching.

Fig. 10 is a circuit diagram showing one use of the transformer of Fig. 9.

Referring more particularly to the drawings and first to Figs. 1 to 4, the primary transformer element I has slidably mounted therein the sec- 40 ondary transformer element 2, which latter carries in fixed relation therewith the work circuit or load circuit which in the present instance is an inductive heating coil 3 of the type shown and described in my co-pending application Serial No. 50,829, filed November 21, 1935, on Inductive heater.

The primary element consists essentially of a primary winding mounted within the inner surface of a primary magnetic element of general cylindrical form. The secondary element 2 comprises essentially the secondary winding 6 mounted within the outer surface of a secondary magnetic element I also of general cylindrical form. The work coil 3 is directly connected to the terminals of the secondary winding through short leads 8--9. The secondary element 2 also carries an extension or auxiliary core ||I arranged to be positioned within and as part of the magnetic circuit of the primary element 1 when the secondary element is in the uppermost position with the secondary coil out of operative relation with the primary coil as in Fig. 1;

A frame member H in the form of a bracket supported ring or short cylinder supports and holds the various parts of the primary element in assembled relation as a unit. Within the frame H, are mounted an annular series of radially arranged laminations |2 of suitable magnetic material, taper ground so that their surfaces will lie along radial planes. A thick tapered block 20 of insulating material, such as.

micarta, is interposed between laminations to provide space, for the exit of the conductors Ill-I9. Suitable insulation 22 is provided between the convolutions of the coil 4 and between the coil and the laminations. It is preferable also to provide a covering of insulation 23 for the radially inwardly facing surface of the primary coil 4, which not only-serves the function of insulating the coil electrically but tends to prevent the collection of moisture on the surface of the winding where the cooling fiuid used in the coil is below atmospheric temperature.

The secondary element 2 is assembled as a unit on the central supporting arbor 24 of non-magnetic material on which is mounted the circular series of laminations 28 of suitable mag-netic material held in position between the upper removable clamping ring 26 and the lower fixed clamping ring 25, the latter being integral with the supporting arbor 24. These clamping rings are provided with annular wedge ribs 21 whichengage complementary notches in the laminations 28. These laminations are also taper ground so that their surface will lie in planes radial to the axis of the supporting arbor and thus fit snugly together to form a substantially solid mass of laminated material. A key 29 engaging the upper end of the arbor 24 and the upper clamping ring 25, holds the upper clamping ring in proper angular relation to the arbor and the integral lower clamping ring, the upper clamping ring being held and adjusted axially by long cap screws or bolts 30 extending between the upper and lower clamping rings. Recessed portions '32 in the lamlnations 23 form an annular recess in the outer surface of the whole cylindrical secondary magnetic element core 1 in which is mountedthe secondary-winding 6 formed from a tubular conductor, the convolutions of the coil being insulated from each other and from'the laminations by suitable insulating material 33 arranged between the convolutions of the coil and between the coil and the laminations. The terminals of the secondary coil 6 are extended radially inwardly through the laminations by means of electrical and fluid conducting leads 34 and 35. Because in the present instance the conductors in the secondary winding are arranged as a multiple group of four, the leads 34--35 take the form of manifold connections each eifecting electrical and fluid connections with a group (for example three or four) of the tubular conductors. The leads 34 and 35'are suitably positioned in relation to and insulated from the lamination's by a wedge-shaped block of insulating material 4| interposed'between the radial laminations and and bottom clamp through which block the leads extend. Within the hollow cylindrical,

magnetic element 1 the leads 34 and 35 effect electrical and fluid connections with the tubular conductors 36 and 31 respectively, which latter are sheathed in insulating tubes as indicated at 2|, to insulate them from the upper and lower clamping rings through which they pass, and in which they are held in position by means of top nuts 38-39 and insulating washers 40-42. Connection is made between the tubular conductors 36-31 and the short leads 8-9 by means of suitable tubular clamping elements 43. Y

The work coil 3 ismounted in fixed relation with the secondary element 2 tubular arbor extension 44 (also of non-magnetic metal) to which the coil 3 is fixedly secured, the arbor extension 44 being secured to the main arbor 24 by threaded engagement therewith as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 The main supporting ,arbor 24 is itself supported together with the work coil 3 as a unit by the tubular supporting rod 45 secured to the arbor 24 by threaded engagement therewith and arranged to movably support the arbor in a suitable manner for lowering and raising the secondary element 2 into and out of operative relation with the primary element The laminations 28 of the secondary coreextension H! are conically recessed in their outer edges as at 28a to space this extension divergently away from the primary. A displacement ring 46 of insulating material, preferably of micarta is arranged to fill in this space andcomplete the outer cylindrical surface of the secondary element 2. This ring 46 acts as a guide and bearing for the secondary element 2 by engagement with the axially extended, inner cylindrical surface of the lower clamping ring i4 of the primary element. An operating cylinder 45a for supporting rod 45 provides an upper bearing for the sliding secondary element 2.

The article to be worked upon, here indicated as the hub element 41 of an automobile wheel, is so positioned and spaced. in relation to the apparatus that the lowering of the work circuit or work coil 3 into operative relation with such work 41 will move the secondary element 2 from the position shown in Fig. 1 down into the position shown in Fig. 2, with the primary and secondary elements in transformer relation. To insure accurate position of the work a suitable work holder 48 is provided which is held in fixed relation to the transformer mounting through the base frame 43. To assist in guiding coil 3 into proper working position, a tubular pilot arbor 50 is provided which extends through the tubular supporting elements 24, 44 and 45 in sliding relation thereto, and is itself of tubular form and provided at its lower ends with perforations 5| through which a suitable quenching fluid may be projected to the surface of the work 41. The end of the pilot tube 50 is capped by a pilot head 53 which engages in the tapered bore of the small end of thehub. The head 53 is fluted on its surface to permit the drainage of quenching fluid through the hub opening where a liquid is used for the quenching fluid. Any suitable means (not shown) may be used to project the pilot arbor andcooling head 5| into and out of relation to the work. All this is shown and claimed in a copending application.

In operation, having particular reference to Figs. 1 and 2, the parts being in the position of Fig. Land the combined pilot arid spray tube 5|! being raised to the dotted line position shown by means of the in Fig. 1, the work 41 in the of a hub is loaded upon the machine, the hub flange being raised above the centering and aligning pins as shown. Thereupon by any suitable motive means, as for example a piston cylinder not shown, but lying above cylinder 45a, the pilot and spray tube is forced downwardly until its piloting end 53 effects piloting, centering and aligning engagement with the small tapered bore of the small end oi the hub. This action aids in holding thework 41 upon the support,

though other and yet stronger clamping means (not shown because not a part of the invention claimed herein) may be used and preferably are used to firmly hold the work in place. The engaging end 53 of pilot tube 50, however, is centered in position with respect to the work piece 41, lying precisely upon the axis of the bore of the barrel of the work piece. At this time no water spray comes from the spray head 5|. Now, however, the work and the pilot tube 5| and the sliding transformer comprising primary and secondary elements I and 2 are concentrically arranged on the same central axis.

Thereupon, with the parts occupying a relation as shown in Fig. 1, power is applied to cylinder 45a to carry the secondary element 2 of the transformer downwardly and with it the working coil 3.' The parts sliding upon and with respect to the pilot tube 50 are now bottomed in' the small bore of the hub 41. Work coil 3 enters the barrel of the hub to occupy the position shown in Fig. 2. Simultaneously the secondary coil 6 of the transformer enters the primary coil 4 and occupies a position in which full sec ondary voltage is in use in the secondary circuit comprehending secondary coil 6 and work coil 3 in series through connections 34, 35, 36, 31, 8 and 9. The full power of the transformer |-2 is applied through the work coil 3 to the work piece 41'.

Incident to the lowering of the secondary element 2, the magnetic sleeve 55 has also been lowered. Before the coil 3 reaches the bottom, the end of the magnetic sleeve 55 reaches the reentrant end 56 of the work piece 41 where it fills up the recess and comes to a stop against its outer end through the shoulder 55a. However, further movement of work coil 3 proceeds unhampered by reason of the fact that the ring 55 is carried by mits the work coil 53 to be projected beyond it. When the coil 3 receives its power due to juxtaposition of windings 4 and 6 of the transformer. the magnetic flux created thereby about coil 3 threads through the core of coil 3, through the work and through the lower end'55a of the ring 55 thereby insuring a magnetic circuit of very considerable improved efficiency. This it does by diminishing reluctance of the circuit by eliminating air gaps which might exist through the reentrant portion 58 of the work piece.

The work having been heated to the required degree in such fraction of time as may have been chosen, the pressure in cylinder 45a is reversed, whereupon coil 3 is raised once again to the position shown in Fig. 1, and with it, after it has been raised a certain degree, is carried upwardly once more the ring 55 and the spring 51. Simultaneously with this movement upwardly the secondary element 2 of the transformer is moved upwardly, for. all of these parts, except ring 55, are rigidly connected together. upwardly of element 2 takes coils 4 and 6 out form, in this case,

effect is so nearly complete as to spring 5'! which yields and per-.

The movement of juxtaposition and thereby cuts off the supply of energy to the coil 3.

Immediately after the movement of the coil 3 out of the work piece 41, quenching water is delivered to the combined pilot and spray tube 50 and spraying water 59 is applied to the heated interior of the work piece 41 to strongly quench the work and thereby harden this interior surface. I

All of these movements take place in but a fraction of a second or but a very few seconds, say for example 1 to 4 seconds. However, even for this short time, the work coil 3 is guarded against undue reduction in reactance on being withdrawn from the surrounding low reluctance medium of the hub, by its simultaneous movement into the medium of low reluctance furnished by the magnetic ring 55. The dwell of the work coil 3 in the work piece is from 1 to 2 seconds inthe instance of the automobile wheel hub illustrated as a work piece. The cylinder 45, therefore, operates to project the secondary tube downwardly and to raise it at a relatively high velocity. It is in these -movements that the transformer of my invention exercises its switching function. When the secondary element 2 is in the raised position as shown in Fig. 1, coir 6 is substantially entirely without the magnetic 'field of the primary coil 4 of the transformer. In its place is the extension I of the core of the secondary. This extension to being composed of laminations of magnetic material, when juxtaposed in such position to coil 4 as shown in Fig. 1, serves to choke the primary coil 4 and thereby to cut down the amount of power consumed by this coil. This choking cut the current down to near the value of the magnetizing current of the transformer but of sufiicient magnitude relative to the capacitance in the primary circuit to prevent undue change in power factor. In other'words, the magnetic material of the extension I!) takes the place of the mag' netic material of the secondary coil 6, but is not itself provided with any work coil, and thereby the more effectively cuts down the power. The moment that the secondary 2 is lowered, the extension H] as shown in Fig. 2, is projected out of the magnetic field of the primary element l and the magnetic core of the secondary 6 takes its place, the secondary being rapidly moved into juxtaposition to the coil 4, whereupon the power is switched on to the work coil 3. The moment the secondary element 2 is raised to the position of Fig. 1, the power is cut off from coil 6 and coil 4 again choked by the extension I B.

The introduction of an extended air gap, divergent downwardly, between the primary core and the secondary core extension serves in connection with the utilization of capacity 60 in the circuit of the primary 4 (see Figs. 1, 5 and 6) to modify the power factor of the secondary or work circuit of the transformer l--2. This it does by increasing the reluctance of the primary of the transformer when the transformer parts arch: the cut-off position shown in Fig. l. The divergence of the gap downwardly introduces a gradual widening of the gap, as the work coil 3 is pulled out of the work whereby to effect gradual compensation for the change in power factor, commensurate with the change in power factor occasioned by the withdrawal of the work coil 3.

, The relations of the parts upon entrance of the from the work piece are diagrammed in Fig. 5. The utilization of magnetic switching by the transformer as thus carried out, avids entirely the need for open circuit switching in connection 5' either with the primary of the transformer or the secondary.

The tapered extension in for the secondary element finds its greatest use where a condenser is connected across the terminals of the primary l0 transformer winding for the power factor correction, in which case the air gap provided by the tapered core extension operates to produce sufficient lagging quadrature current in the primary circuit to compensate for the leading quadrature current taken by the condenser to thus maintain the power factor substantially constant. In Fig. 7 is shown a modification in which a different form of core for the secondary element 2 is employed. This difference resides in the form of the extension I. Here the extension I0 is comprised of laminations 6| separate from the laminations 28 of the secondary element 2 and of the full radial depth of the laminations 28, the outer surface 62 being cylindrical even as are those of the laminations 26, the insulating ring 46 of the form of Figs. 1 and 2 being omitted. This organization is achieved .by providing an intermediate clamping ring 63 between the lower clamping ring 25 and the upper clamping ring 30 26 and provided with annular ribs 64 engaging respectively the laminations 28. and the laminations 6| in their adjacent ends. Such a form of the extension 6| is to be desired in combination with the capacitance 65 placed directly across the terminals of the secondary work circuit. These terminals, designated respectively 66 and 61 are the flexible metallic leads to the upper ends of the water circulating conduits and conductors 363'l. The combination of this particu- 40 lar form of extension H! with a capacity 65 directly in the work circuit renders unnecessary the use of a capacity 66 in the primary circuit and its accompanying large air gap in the extension 10 as shown in Fig. l.- This is for the reason that when the capacity 60 is removed from the primary circuit and put upon the secondary, troubles in the supply circuit occasioned by removal of the closed circuit secondary winding with a capacitance still across the terminals of the primary winding no longer exist and the primary of the transformer takes its least power when its magnetic circuit is possessed of the least reluctance, that is to say, when the extension laminations 6| enter most intimately into juxtaposition with the laminations 5, and the permeability of the magnetic elements is greatest. In other words, when the capacity is put in substantial part or entirely in the work circuit, there is no leading current trouble for which to com- 0 pensate through the use of the graduated air gap introduced by tapering the extension l6 and providing it with an insulating ring 46.

The idea of separately supporting the laminations 28 of the secondary coil 6 and those 6| of 55 the extension In may be embodied if desired in thesform of the invention shown in Figs. 1 and 2 merely by providing in this form of the invention an intermediate supporting ring 63 with its associated ribs 64. This expedient is shown in 70 Fig. 8. Any number of variations of combinations of the two capacitance compensating systems of Figs. 1 and 2 on the one hand and Fig. 7 on the other hand may be used as may be desired. In such combination varying divisions of capaci- 75 tance may be made as between the primary of the switching transformer and the secondary, and accompanying them varying degrees of air gap and taperings of the extension 10, depend ent'upon the peculiar condition which it' -may be" desired to meet. However, I have found that the 5 two arrangements disclosed respectively in Figsw- 1 and 2 on the one hand and Fig. Ton theot'her hand, constitute means suflicie'nt to effectively provide against variations in the .supply line and the variations of power factor in the secondary 10 I line occasioned by the switching operation of the transformer. v

In Fig. 9 is shown a transformer comprised of the primary and secondary elements I--2 which has no core extension l6 providing only for 15 relative movement of the coils 6 and 6 and their magnetic cores. Such an arrangement is peculiarly advantageous in that when the extension in is omitted, the work coil 3 may be arranged nearer to the secondary with a very con- 20 siderable reduction in the length of the leads 6--6 of the secondary circuit, thereby reducing the reactance. Opening the circuit of the primary coil 4 by means of a circuit breaker 58, provided as shown in Fig. 10, provides against any flow of current into primary coil or its capacitance 60. In any event, circuit breaker 56 would be put between the primary coil with its capacity correction and the line. Any desired means not shown may be used for coordinating relation of 39 the circuit breaker and the sliding transformer. In the usual operation, secondary element 2 would be moved into juxtaposition with the primary element l as shown in Fig. 9 in order to inject the work coil 3 into proper relation to the 35 work piece and then the circuit breaker would be closed. Upon the completion of the heating, A the circuit breaker would be opened and then the transformer operated to remove the secondary 6 from the primary Or, if desired, with the proper use of capacitance, initial switching of the power would be done by the transformer,

coil 6 being removed upwardly from coil 4 and then the circuit break-er 58 operated. In either event, we have the advantage of a closed coupled relation between the work coil 3 and the sec-.

ondary 6 without flexible leads for current and water. Claims directed to all transformer construction per se form the subject matter of a divisional application Serial #186,194, filed January 21, 1938.

Of course, there will occur to the initiated many other modifications of my invention which do not deter in any wise from its true spirit. These others, as well as those I have just described, should be comprehended by the annexed claims.

What I claim is:

1. In combination a movable work-circuit 60 movable into and out of working position, a transformer secondary winding and magnetic circuit element therefor connected to the workcircuitin close proxim'ty thereto and movable therewith, a stationary, transformer primary winding and magnetic circuit element therefor, said secondary winding and its magnetic circuit being arranged upon movement with the workcircuit into and out of working position to move into and out of operative relation with said pri- 7 mary winding, and a third magnetic circuit element arranged to move in and out of operative relation with said primary circuit and its mag netic circuit element upon movement of the secondary circuit and its magnetic circuit element out of and into operative relation with said primary circuit respectively.

2 In combination a movable work-circuit, a transformer secondary winding and magnetic circuit element therefor connected to the workcircuit in close proximity thereto and movable therewith, a stationary, transformer primary winding and magnetic circuit element therefor,

means for moving said secondary winding and cuit element to produce in the circuit of the primary winding substantially the same lagging quadrature current as that which the secondary circuit, including the work-circuit and its load, tends to produce in the primary circuit.

I 3. In combination a movable work-circuit movable into and out of working position, a transformer secondary winding and magnetic circuit element therefor connected to the work-circuit in close proximity thereto and movable therewith, and a stationary, transformer primary winding and magnetic circuit element therefor, said secondary winding and its magnetic circuit being arranged upon movement of the work-circuit into and out of working position to move into and out of operative relation with said primary winding.

4. In combination a work-circuit movable into and out of working position, a transformer secondary winding connected to the work-circuit in close proximity thereto and movable therewith, and a stationary, transformer primary wind- 45 ing, said secondary winding being arranged upon movement with the work-circuit into and out of working position to move into and out of operative relation with said primary winding.

5. In combination a work-circuit movable into 50 and out of relation to the work, a transformer secondary winding and magnetic circuit element therefor connected to the work-circuit in close proximity thereto, a transformer primary winding and magnetic circuit element therefor, one

55 of said transformer windings being arranged to move into and out of operative relation with the other upon movement of the work-circuit into and' out of operative relation with the work.

6. In combination a work-circuit, a transformer secondary winding connected to and movable with the work-circuit in close proximity thereto, and a transformer primary winding, said secondary and primary windings being relatively movable upon relative movement between the work- 65 circuit and the work.

7. In combination a movable work-circuit, a transformer secondary winding connected to the work-circuit in close proximity thereto and mov able therewith, a stationary, transformer primary 0 winding, said secondary winding being arranged upon movement with the work circuit to move into and out of operative relation with said pri mary winding, and a variable reluctance element operable upon movement of said secondary 75 winding out of operative relation with said primary winding to vary the reluctance of the magnetic circuit of the transformer elements.

8. In combination a transformer having fixed and movable core portions and primary and secondary coils respectively associated with the fixed and movable core portions, an extension on the movable core portion arranged to move into cooperative relation with the fixed primary coil to gradually convert the primary coil into a primary circuit reactance, a working coil in series with the secondary coil and rigidly fixedto the said extension to move said'extension into cooperative relation with the primary coil simultaneously with movement of the working coil out of operative relation with the work.

9. In combination an inductive heating coil arranged to move into and out of inductive relation with a work piece, and a magnetic circuit element of low reluctance, said heating coil being arranged to move into operative relation with said magnetic circuit element upon movement out of inductive relation with the work piece.

10. In=combination an inductive heating coil arranged to move into and out of inductive relation with a work piece, a transformer secondary winding connected to' the heating coil and movable therewith, a stationary transformer primary winding, said secondary winding being arranged upon movement of the heating coil into and out of inductive relation with the work piece tomove into and out of transformer relation with said primary winding, a magnetic circuit conducting element of low reluctance and means for bringing said element and heating coil into inductive relation upon movement of said coil out'of inductive relation with the work piece.

11. In an electro-magnetic induction heat treating apparatus, in combination a high frequency heavy current work-circuit relatively movable with respect to a work piece, a switching transformer secondary winding and magnetic circuit element therefor electrically connected to the work circuit in close proximity and fixed mechanical relation thereto, and a switching transformer primary winding and magnetic circuit element therefor, a source of high frequency supply connected to said primary, said secondary winding and primary winding and their respective magnetic circuits being relatively movable with respect to one another to substantially com-' pletely energize and deenergize said secondary source and work circuit.

12. In an electro-magnetic induction heat treating apparatus, in combination a high frequency heavy current work-circuit relatively movable with respect to a work piece, a switching transformer secondary winding and magnetic cir cuit element therefor electrically connected to the work circuit in close proximity thereto and in fixed spacial relation therewith, and a switching transformer primary winding and magnetic circuit element therefor, a source of high frequency supply connected to said primary, said secondary winding and primary winding and their respective magnetic circuits being relatively movable with respect to one another to substantially completely energize and deenergize said secondary and work circuit, and said secondary and primary windings being telescopically arranged and wound in a single layer.

13. In an electro-magnetic induction heat treating apparatus, a source of alternating current of high frequency, a heavy current work coil, and an iron core switching transformer having a primary connected to said source and a secondary electrically connected to said coil, said primary and secondary being relatively movable, substantially completely into and out of transformer relation with one another, and said work 5 coil and said secondary bearing close fixed mechanical relation to one another.

14. In an electro-magnetic induction heat treating apparatus, a source of alternating current of high frequency, a heavy current work coil, and an iron core switching transformer having a primary connected to said source and a secondary electrically connected to said coil, said primary and secondary being relatively movable, substantially completely into and out of transformer relation with one another, said primary and secondary each carrying complementary core sections, and said work coil and said secondary bearingclose fixed mechanical relation to one another.

20 15. In an electro-magnetic induction heat treating apparatus, a source of alternating current of high frequency, a heavy current work coil, and an iron core switching transformer having a primary connected to said source and a 25 secondary electrically connected to said coil, said primary and secondary being relatively movable, substantially completely into and out of transformer relation with one another, said primary and secondary being teles opically movable with 30 and each carrying complementary core sections arranged in telescopic arrangement, said work coil and said secondary bearing close fixed mechanical relation to one another.

16. In an electro-magnetic induction heat 35 treating apparatus, a source of alternating cur rent of high frequency, a heavy current work coil, and an iron core switching transformer having a primary connected to said source and a secondary electrically connected to said coil, said 40 primary and secondary being relatively movable,

substantially completely into and out of transformer relation with one another, said primary and secondary each being wound in a single layer and telescopically arranged and carrying com- 45 plementary core sections, said work coil and said secondary bearing close fixed mechanical relation toone another.

17. In combination a high frequency heavy current work-circuit for electro-magnetic induction heating relatively movable with respect to a work piece, a switching transformer secondary winding and magnetic circuit element therefor electrically connected to the work-circuit in close 5 proximity thereto and in fixed mechanical relation therewith, a switching transformer primary winding and magnetic circuit therefor, one of said transformer windings being arranged to move into and out of operative relation with the other, to deenergize and energize the work circuit.

18. In combination, a high frequency heavy current work circuit Efor electro-magnetic induction heating relatively movable with respect to a work-piece into and out of operative coupling relation with respect thereto, a switching transformer secondary winding and magnetic circuit element therefor connected to the work circuit in close proximity thereto, a switching transformer primary winding and magnetic circuit element therefor, one of said transformer windings being arranged to move into and out of operative coupling relation with the other and means for coordinating the relative movement of the transformer windings with the relative movement between the work and work circuit, whereby the work circuit may be energized when in operative relation to the work by energy transfer in said transformer, and the work circuit may be deenergized when out of operative coupling relation .to the work and said transformer windings are out of operative coupling relation with one another.

19. In combination a high-frequency heavycurrent work-circuit for electro-magnetic induc- 5 tion heating relatively movable with respect to a work-piece, a switching transformer secondary winding and magnetic circuit element therefor electrically connected to the work-circuit in close proximity thereto and in fixed spacial relation 49 therewith, a switching transformer primary winding and magnetic circuit therefor, one of said' transformer windings being arranged to move into and out of operative relation with the other, to deenergize and energize the work cira cult.

HOWARD E. SOMES.

DISCLAIMER 2,223,902.Howard E. Somes, Grosse Pointe Park, Mich. Tannsfonunn DIS- TBIBUTING SYs'mM. Patented December 3, 1940. Disclaimer filed Decem ber 10, 1941, by the. inventor; the assignee, Budd Induction Heating, Inc, I consenting and approving. Hereby disclaims claim-f9 in said specification.

[Oficial Gczettc January 18; 1942.]

DISCLAIMER 2,223,902.-Howard E. Somes, Grosse Pointe Park, Mich. Tmsfihuna DIS- rnmm'ma SYSTEM. Patented December 3, 1940. Disclaimer filed Dec'em ber 10, 1941, by the inventor; the assignee, Budd Induction Heating, Inc., consenting and approving. Hereby disclaims in said specification.

- [Oficial Gazette January 13; 1942.] 

